What phenomenon is described as the slow flow or movement of amalgam?

The phenomenon described as the slow flow or movement of amalgam is known as creep. This term specifically refers to the gradual deformation of dental amalgam under a sustained load over time. Creep is important in the context of dental restorations because it can affect the integrity and durability of the material.

Amalgam restorations, while hard upon setting, can experience slight dimensional changes due to the physical properties of the material, especially under the influence of masticatory forces. These forces can lead to the amalgam slowly flowing or changing shape, which can contribute to clinical issues such as marginal deterioration or loss of retention over time. Understanding creep is essential for dental professionals to ensure the longevity and effectiveness of amalgam restorations in clinical practice.

In contrast, the other terms listed refer to different concepts: leakage pertains to the seepage of fluids between the restoration and tooth structure, fusion relates to the joining of materials through heat, and oxidation involves the chemical reaction of materials with oxygen, none of which describe the gradual flow of amalgam.