Which aspect of a cavity prep includes the axial and gingival walls?

The aspect of cavity preparation that includes the axial and gingival walls is typically associated with Class II cavities. Class II cavities are characterized by their location on the proximal surfaces of posterior teeth, affecting either the mesial or distal surfaces. In this type of cavity prep, the axial wall refers to a wall that is parallel to the long axis of the tooth and corresponds to the area where the cavity encroaches into the dentin. The gingival wall, located at the gingival margin of the cavity preparation, is also an essential component in ensuring adequate retention and contour of the restoration.

Class I cavities involve the occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth and do not engage the gingival wall, while Class III and Class IV cavities target the anterior teeth, primarily impacting the facial and lingual surfaces without including the axial wall as significantly. This distinction is why Class II cavities are distinctly identified for their axial and gingival wall characteristics.