Which of the following practices is essential in preventing periodontal disease during an oral prophy?

The practice that is essential in preventing periodontal disease during an oral prophy is the removal of calculus and debris. This process is crucial because calculus, or tartar, is hardened plaque that can accumulate on teeth and under the gumline, creating an environment conducive to the development of periodontal disease. By effectively removing this accumulation, you can help eliminate bacterial irritants that contribute to inflammation and gum disease.

While regular brushing is important for maintaining oral hygiene, it may not fully remove all calculus, especially in areas that are hard to reach. Fluoride varnish can strengthen enamel and offer some protection against cavities, but it does not address existing calculus or plaque. The extended use of mouthwash can be beneficial for maintaining fresh breath and potentially reducing plaque, but it cannot replace the mechanical action of thorough cleaning during a professional prophy. Thus, the removal of calculus and debris directly addresses the primary factors that lead to periodontal issues.